Definition and Examples of Modifiers in English Grammar

Definition and Examples of Modifiers in English Grammar In English language structure, a modifier is aâ word, expression, or condition that capacities as a descriptive word or intensifier to give extra data about another word or word gathering (called the head). A modifier is otherwise called a subordinate. As showed beneath, modifiers in English incorporate descriptors, verb modifiers, demonstratives, possessive determiners, prepositional expressions, degree modifiers, and intensifiers.â Modifiers that show up before the head are called premodifiers, while modifiers that show up after the head are called postmodifiers. Modifiers might be either prohibitive (basic to the significance of a sentence) or nonrestrictive (extra yet not fundamental components in a sentence). Instances of Different Modifier Usage An excessive number of sentence structure terms in succession? Lets take a gander at certain models. Authors Gà ¼nter Radden and Renã © Dirvenâ illustrate the sorts with the most widely recognized ways that passing modifiers are utilized in Cognitive English Grammar. In all the models here, the qualifiers alter the word criminologist and are in italics: (4a) Hercule Poirot is a brilliant detective.(4b) Agatha Christiesâ detective Poirot is a legend everywhere throughout the world.(4c) The detectiveâ with the waxed moustacheâ solves theâ most bafflingâ cases.(4d) Hercule Poirot is theâ famousâ detectiveâ created by the English riddle author Agatha Christie.(4e) Poirot is a detectiveâ who has come to England as a war refugee.In sentence (4a), the adjectiveâ brilliantâ modifies theâ predicate noun detective.In sentence (4b), the head nounâ detectiveâ is adjusted by the complexâ noun phrase Agatha Christies, where theâ genitiveâ morphemeâ sâ expresses the connection of possession.In sentence (4c), the nounâ a detectiveâ is changed by theâ prepositional phraseâ with the waxed moustache.In sentence (4d), twoâ nonrestrictiveâ modifiers are added to qualify the definiteâ referentâ detective: the adjectiveâ famousâ and theâ participial phraseâ created by the English secret essayist Agatha Christie.In sentence (4e),â a detectiveâ is altered by aâ relative proviso. Extra Examples of Modifier Types We could go further, to show extra examples:â Hercule Poirot is a great criminologist. The word truly speaks to an intensifier for the descriptive word great. Truly is a modifier, as it is adjusting a descriptive word. Hercule Poirot is that criminologist. The word that is expressive. It recognizes Poirot from in any event one other criminologist. Hercule Poirot is the investigator whos not wearing a deerstalker cap. The clauseâ is prohibitive. The condition is fundamental to know which criminologist Poirot is, probably from at any rate one investigator who is wearing a deerstalker cap. The case wasâ almostâ solved. The degree modifier (an intensifier) shows the amount of the case was tackled. Rather than increasing, degree modifiers qualify by giving how much something is, similar to somebody being genuinely certain about something. Wearing a deerstalker cap, the killer was gotten by Sherlock Holmes. This statement speaks to a lost modifierâ because it puts the cap on the killers head rather than Holmes. On the off chance that there were no subject of the sentence (wiping out by Sherlock Holmes), the initial expression would be aâ dangling modifier. Scarcely any investigators wear deerstalker caps. Few is aâ quantifier, telling what number of. Both Hercule Poirot and Sherlock homes are notable criminologists. The modifier is aâ compound descriptor. Source Radden, Gã ¼nter. Subjective English Grammar. Psychological Linguistics in Practice, Renã © Dirven, second Edition, John Benjamins Publishing Company, July 5, 2007.

Einstein Essay Example

Einstein Essay Example Einstein Essay Einstein Essay Article Topic: End of the world Now Einsteinian idea of room time 1.0. Presentation Reflections on the idea of time started with the inquiries concerning its tendency of presence. In spite of the fact that numerous issues are identified with the idea of time, these issues will be more in the epistemological domain and less in the ontological level. Time is the essential classification of existence,â„ ¢ composed Heidegger, alluding unquestionably to time. Time is the prompt datum of consciousness,â„ ¢ said Bergson. Time, for Kant, is the formal from the earlier state of all appearance whatsoever.â„ ¢ Aristotle characterized time as the quantity of movement in regard of previously and after.â„ ¢ St. Augustine, when gotten some information about time, gave: What, at that point, is time If nobody asks me, I know; on the off chance that I wish to disclose to him who asks, I know not.â„ ¢ In his book A Sense of Time Vatsyayan clarifies wonderfully, the various contemplations about time. Normally when someone says to us you missed gathering him; he was hanging tight for you long time. At that point I may ask, when did he goâ„ ¢ The appropriate response can be: he came at 12 oâ„ ¢ clock and went seconds ago; he more likely than not arrived at the street intersection. Here my inquiry was about time, however the appropriate response was identified with space and separation for example 12 oâ„ ¢ clock is the point at which the little and huge metallic pointers in the clock meets at 12, which is a spatial portrayal and street intersection (from the house)â„ ¢ is separation. Common utilization of time is absent a lot of issue gave we have a watch or clock and we realize how to state it. This experiential perspective offers ascend to the philosophical angles when we jump profound into the waterway of time. It is fascinating to cite Kant here Time is perfect, howeve r the idea of time isn't gotten from sense experience alone[further] Kant demands that all conceivable information on objects must be attached to and obliged by sense experience.â„ ¢ 2.0. What is Time An inquiry we by and large pose and effectively find the solution promptly is whatâ„ ¢s timeâ„ ¢ But in the event that someone gazes at us when the inquiry is posed to he should be a savant. For a long time individuals accepted that time was basically cyclic in nature, yet later time supplanted with the direct movement estimated by the clock (however the time appeared in the clock is round) and schedule ( which is by all accounts straight). The issue of time has the two perspectives: 1) As it is lived by man, regardless of whether direct or roundabout. 2) In its connection to its reality, regardless of whether it is interminable, limitless or relative. Regardless, we can't escape from time. That might be the motivation behind why the 3-dimensional experience of room was included with one more component of time to make it four-dimensional encounters. So what will we say Time streams in us or we stream in time Be it roundabout or straight, time isn't at all static. Assuming at that point, we are constantly up to speed in the inquiries, if time is so much between identified with oneâ„ ¢s life what it isâ„ ¢ What is the second which consistently escapes from us What is the connection between the not, at this point over a wide span of time What is the connection between not-yet-future and present Because they mistook the coherent for everlasting the early thinkers saw that in each activity of the insight we recognize an endeavor to suspend and even to stifle time. This obliged them to look down individual inclination, moving, suffering component in people to nothingness and to imagine endless life as an intelligent life consumed i n the examination of solidarity. 2.1. Greek perspective on Time Greeks, however they had confidence in the cosmo-driven universe, had a decent information in space science. They had a patterned perspective on time by which they don't thought anything new can be presented onto earth. For them, Plato would be conceived again and instruct in a similar school in Athens where he once educated. As a circle can't have a start and an end, so as the patterned time can't have beforeâ„ ¢ and afterâ„ ¢. The time was infiniteâ„ ¢. For them, the idea of time and the patterned development of stars were connected. The universe was an impression of the celestial. The mystical necessaries goodness, truth and excellence are available known to mankind. The grandiose request is the note of an all inclusive ensemble of harmonyâ„ ¢. Aristotle in his cosmological perspectives thought about that there are seven circles in this universe and in the eighth circle is the unaffected mover. This view was likewise a teleological one, for we originated from him and a t last moving to him. Be that as it may, the inconsistency seen here is that how from this repeating time † where occasions show up, vanish and return † do we go out 2.2. The Christian Concept of Time Christianity washed away the Greek idea of recurrent time. While for Greeks time was reversible and come up short on the idea of teleology, the Christian idea of straight time depended on the firm faith in the Bible, and was irreversible. From the times of Jews of the Old Testament individuals were searching for the Messiah and after the Messiah had arrived at the Christians accept that they were liberated from the servitudes of transgression. The historical backdrop of manifestation of Christ is the focal point of the redemptive history of the Christians. There was a period ran before the introduction of Jesus. St. Augustine proclaimed Christ kicked the bucket, for the last time, for our wrongdoings. There is a straight time running in the Bible from the primary section of Genesis to the last part of the Apocalypse, which portrays the salvation of mankind by the redemptive anguish, demise and restoration. The time runs in a direct procedure from the main fall of man. This is anything but a recurrent one, rather the endowment of life given to him just a single time. Time as straight and irreversible consistently pushes ahead one way. It had a start, anyway remote, and an end, anyway far off. Presently the time, as direct and irreversible has a direction and importance which it didn't have in patterned and reversible time. 3.0. Foundation of Einsteinâ„ ¢s Relativity Theory Each man is affected by a few or other outer impacts, regardless of whatever field it might be. Researchers are not a special case for this. Einstein had far to go numerous hundreds of years back. Let us see the various people and ideas which went about as venturing stones for the achievement of the Einstein of today. 3.1. Geometry There will be 101 inquiries concerning any hypothesis. At the point when these epistemological inquiries are replied by demonstrating that the hypothesis is apparent or plainly obvious by reason, it is with fulfillment we acknowledge that the hypothesis has a judicious depiction of the world. Such a sort of plainly obvious hypothesis is geometry and arithmetic. Indeed, even in geometry there are various geometries which have diverse clarification. 3.1.1. The Development of Euclidean Geometry It is fascinating to take note of that before the start of incredible period of Greek way of thinking there was a very methodical information on a wide scope of Geometric truth. The Greek mathematicians have treated numerous issues like coinciding of plane figures, division of edges into two halves, etc. The best majority of their deliberate information was in the investigation of plane figures limited by sections of straight lines. One of those antiquated geometries was framed by Euclid (c. 300 B.C). These outcomes like the aggregate of inside blessed messengers of a triangle is equivalent to a straight angleâ„ ¢ and that the square of the length of hypotenuse of a correct triangle is equivalent to the entirety of the squares of the lengths of its sidesâ„ ¢ are recognizable to younger students. The early Greeks believed that this universe was a ceaseless plane. This might be the motivation behind why Euclid more likely than not assembled geometry of plane figures limited by po rtions of straight lines. His geometry comprised of an arrangement of hypotheses coherently concluded from five sayings and five proposes. Euclidean geometry indicated the properties of Euclidean space and these properties were thought to be intelligently sure. In this way, normally what happened was that the savants who trailed Euclid took this geometry to be sensibly evident. In this manner was the idea of existence made by the Greeks, medieval just as old style physicists. The five aphorisms and five hypothesizes are just presumptions which are not demonstrated, however taken to be valid. From them remaining truth of geometry are derived. What connection does these hypothesizes and sayings hold isn't at all reasonable. The structure (not the first type) of the adages and proposes for our motivation is given beneath. Sayings 1. Things equivalent to something very similar are equivalent to one another. 2. Equivalents added to approaches yield rises to 3. Equivalents expelled from approaches yield rises to 4. Incidental figures are equivalent to each other in all regards 5. An entire is more noteworthy than any of its parts. Hypothesizes 1. Two focuses decide a straight line. 2. A straight line might be stretched out in an orderly fashion in either bearing. 3. About any point a hover at a predefined sweep exists. 4. Okay points are equivalent 5. On the off chance that a straight line falling across two straight lines makes the total of the inside edges on a similar side under two right points then the two straight lines cross, if adequately stretched out, on that side. An obvious end result from the fifth hypothesize was that through a point outside a given line one and only one (equal) line can be drawn which doesn't cross the given line, regardless of how far it is expanded. 3.1.2. Non-Euclidean Geometries During the nineteenth century two mathematicians, George Friedrich Benhard Riemann (1826-1866) and Lobachevski proposed two unique geometries for two hypothetical spaces. The issue was lying in the fifth hypothesize. What's more, them two discredited and proposed another conceivable hypothesize. Riemann hypothesized that through a point outside a given line no equal line can be drawn and the lines will meet sooner or later. Lobachevski, on other hand, proposed that through a point outside a given line vastness of

Describe a personality essay sample

Describe a personality essay sample Determinants of human personality We all know that different people have their own points of view, experience, skills, knowledge, and personal characteristics. Its possible to find a lot of conception of personality from various books though there is no concrete one to define it. There are 4 main determinants of human personality: Biological factor: it includes three base things: 1) heredity â€" means that personal qualities are transmitted from the previous generation to the next; 2) brain â€" means that better brain has better understanding of behavior and personality (in accordance with ESB research); 3) physical characteristics of people. Culture factor: it defines the personality because we know that different people have different culture. Social factor: this is mostly family factor that forms the human personality. Situational factor: people behavior individually depending on curtain situation. Another approach to define the personality can be done through the understanding of the human trait process. Researchers R. Cattell and G. Allport made their studies in this field. Gordon Allport was the first who defined 6 factors that define personal qualities of people: theoretical; social; economic; religious; political; aesthetical. Later, in 1965 R. Cattell made his work based on Allports theory. He made a lot of researches and surveys to understand the personality. The scientists chose 171 words that can be used to describe people personality, separating them on source and surface traits. This information was used in further studying of other psychologists. For example, British scientist H. Eysenck build his 3-factor model of people personality: instability-stability, psychoticism and extroversion-introversion. According to his researches, these personality measurements can give us main patterns of human personality. Nowadays, the model of personality includes 5 main factors: conscientiousness; neuroticism; extroversion; openness; agreeableness. The psychodynamic theory of personality according to Freud and Erikson According to Sigmund Freud, the personality consists from 3 parts: ego, superego and ID. Lets see how this theory explains the human behavior. The people ID is responsible for all persons needs, when a superego is responsible for morality. And the ego is a kind of moderator between the reality, ID and superego. For example, when your ID tells “I want to do this”, and your ego says “no, you cant”, it means you wont do this. According to Freud, there are 7 stages of development the personality. On the Erik Erikson theory, he says that a personality has eight stages of progress with some conflict on each period. The success defines with overcoming of these conflicts on each stage of development.

Essay on Customer Relationship Management - 1013 Words

Today, customer relationship management is very important to the business world. Most of the companies established a department and the programs to manage their relationship with the customers. Customer relationship management (CRM) is a business strategy which designed to help a company to understand and look forward to the needs of its potential and current customers (Anderson Stang, 2000). Customer data is being collected in several different areas of the company, stored in a central database, analyzed, and distributed to key points (Anderson Stang, 2000).The business world once was â€Å"product-centric†, the companies just provided what they could produce. However, it is now become â€Å"customer-centric†, they provide products and service†¦show more content†¦The merging of the customer data from sales and the call center interactions has created the more informed interactions with the customer (Petersen, 2004). The concept rang with the user organizat ions and mergers and acquisitions created a host of software that the vendors claimed to have an integrated set of capabilities that became known as customer relationship management (Petersen, 2004). Companies wanted to learn more about each and every individual customer and use the information to effectively take care of and manage their relationships, and yet increased customer satisfaction and profit. There are several objectives that the customer relationship management is being implemented, such as customer identification, customer differentiation, customer interaction and personalization (Peppers, 1998). First, it is very important for a company if it able to identify its customers. Different companies offer different products and services which may not satisfy all customers. The costs and efforts of acquiring new customers can be reduced and focused when the company finds out the customers who are its potential customers. For example, e-mail distribution or mailing services can be used if the company has the customers’ profile. Next, the company can use the services to differentiate its products with others. The company may sell or provide the similar products with the otherShow MoreRelatedCustomer Relationship Management Systems And Customer Relationships1128 Words   |  5 Pagesrepresentative of the business, and a customer. The customer has a problem or need and th e salesperson seeks to address it. From the first line of communication, the salesperson assesses the situation and decides the best solution from their product or service line. Using intuition and skill, the representative leads the customer into buying the best product with hopes of turning a profit. Every exchange is important and will often determine if they customer will return to the business the next timeRead MoreCustomer Relationship Management1204 Words   |  5 PagesCRM Customer Relationship Management CRM is a Strategy Most people believe that CRM is just a system that will run their business without making any efforts which is totally wrong. The CRM is a strategy that is run by people to acquire, manage, select, grow and retain a strong relationship with the right customers with the best long-term profit potential. This cannot be done with a CRM system without a good strategy that puts the employees on the right track. The CRM System Read MoreCustomer Relationship Management : Definitions Of Customer Relationships966 Words   |  4 Pages2.1.1. 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Ethical Issues in the Pelican Brief - 1372 Words

In the hit book, The Pelican Brief, John Grishams depiction of lawyers who will do anything for money and their clients presents an interesting ethical dilemma. In the book, two Supreme Court justices are killed by a hired assassin, Khamel. FBI, CIA, and the press are working hard to find who the killer is. The only people who know the truth are attorneys from White and Blazevich, Nathaniel Jones (also known as Einstein), Jarreld Schwabe, Marty Velmano, and F. Sims Wakefield and their client, Victor Mattiece. The action commences when Darby Shaw writes a brief about who she thinks is responsible for the deaths of two Supreme Court Justices, Rosenberg and Jensen. She shows the document to Thomas Callahan, her professor and lover. He†¦show more content†¦Collecting the fee up front is certainly consistent with the practices of many practical and ethical lawyers. Unless there is a written fee agreement, and there is certainly no evidence to support the existence of one in the b ook, funds paid by a client at the beginning of the representation are presumed to be an advance fee payment. Advance fees, of course, must be deposited into a trust account, and withdrawn only when earned. Retainers aren’t usually â€Å"†¦ten percent of the net profits from the wells,† and real lawyers must know the requirement (Grisham 339). One of the solutions to this ethical dilemma could be to sign a retainer. If White and Blazevich attorneys want money, why wait? Let Mattiece sign a retainer, pay them, and wait for Court’s decision. Nathaniel Jones (also known as Einstein), Jarreld Schwabe, Marty Velmano, and F. Sims Wakefield are all relying on being paid for their services after the decision on the case. They could save a lot of money and avoid jail if they would follow standard Model Rules. Just because F. Sims Wakefield â€Å"†¦was very close to Victor Mattiece and often visited him in the Bahamas,† it is not an exception to conflict- of-interest situations. Even if Victor Mattiece is a friend of F. Sims Wakefield, he should pay for services rendered, or the attorney couldShow MoreRelatedDignity Is The Foundation Of Our American Criminal Justice System1732 Words   |  7 Pagesthat dignity should be the foundation of our American Criminal Justice system. As I will discuss in the following paragraphs, Brown V. Plata has allowed for a number of substantial improvements in the moral and ethical treatment of incarcerated individuals. To begin, I’ll provide a brief account of dignity, incorporating the ideologies of Anthony Kennedy and Michel Foucault to supplement my own account. 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To h ighligh t th e issue of the social pathology of the profession and relate it to th e critical preo ccupation with the ‘birth myth’ in Frankenstein that I discuss below, Jordanova focusses 17 her discussion on the con troversy of ‘man midw ifery’. Butler , on the otherRead MoreCorporate identity16799 Words   |  68 PagesThe research register for this journal is available at http://www.mcbup.com/research_registers European Journal of Marketing 35,3/4 248 The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at http://www.emerald-library.com/ft Corporate identity, corporate branding and corporate marketing Seeing through the fog John M.T. Balmer Bradford School of Management, The University of Bradford, UK Keywords Corporate identity, Corporate Communications, Brands, Corporate

Solution of Chapter 8 Operations Mangement by Jay Heizer Free Essays

Service location decisions tend to focus on the revenue function, whereas manufacturing/industrial location decisions tend to focus on costs. The service sector uses techniques such as: Correlation analysis Traffic counts Demographic analysis Purchasing power analysis The industrial decision uses: Transportation method Factor-weighting approach Break-even analysis Crossover charts 8. Factors to consider when choosing a country: Exchange rates Government stability Communications systems within the country and to the home office Wage rates Productivity Transportation costs Language Tariffs Taxes Attitude towards foreign investors/incentives Legal system Ethical standards Cultural issues Supplies availability Market locations 9. We will write a custom essay sample on Solution of Chapter 8 Operations Mangement by Jay Heizer or any similar topic only for you Order Now Factors to consider in a region/community decision: Corporate desires Attractiveness of region Labor issue Utilities Environmental regulations Incentives Proximity to raw materials/customers Land/construction costs 10. Site location factors: Size and cost Transportation systems Zoning Proximity of services/supplies needed Environmental impact END-OF-CHAPTER PROBLEMS 8. 1(a)Six laborers each making $3 per day can produce 40 units. b)Eight laborers each making $2. 50 per day, can produce 45 units. (c)Two laborers, each making $64 per day, can make 100 units. China is most economical, assuming transportation costs are not included. 8. 2Malaysia China Montana China is most favorable. 8. 6Atlanta Charlotte Charlotte is better. 8. 7| | Suburb B has the highest rating, but weights should be examined using sensitivity analysis, as the final ratings are all close. 8. 8| | Location| | | Present Location| Newbury| Hyde Park| | Factor| | Wgt| | | Wgt| | | Wgt| | | 1| 40| 0. 30| 12| 60| 0. 30| 18. 00| 50| 0. 0| 15. 0| | 2| 20| 0. 15| 3| 20| 0. 15| 3. 00| 80| 0. 15| 12. 0| | 3| 30| 0. 20| 6| 60| 0. 20| 12. 00| 50| 0. 20| 10. 0| | 4| 80| 0. 35| 28| 50| 0. 35| 17. 50| 50| 0. 35| 17. 5| | | Total Points| 49| Total Points| 50. 50| Total Points| 54. 5| It appears that Hyde Park represents the best alternative. 8. 9(a)Chicago = 16 + 6 + 7 + 4 = 33 Milwaukee = 10 + 13. 5 + 6 + 3 = 32. 5 Madison = 12 + 12 + 4 + 2. 5 = 30. 5 Detroit = 14 + 6 + 7 + 4. 5 = 31. 5 All four are quite close, with Chicago and Milwaukee almost tied. Chicago has the largest rating, with a 33. b)With a cutoff of 5, Chicago is unacceptable because it scores only 4 on the second factor. Only Milwaukee has scores of 5 or higher on all factors. 8. 10| Location A| | Factor| Weight| Rating| Weighted Score| | 1| 5| 100| 500| | 2| 3| 80| 240| | 3| 4| 30| 120| | 4| 2| 10| 20| | 5| 2| 90| 180| | 6| 3| 50| 150| | Total weighted score:| 1210| | Location B | | Factor| Weight| Rating| Weighted Score| | 1| 5| 80| 400| | 2| 3| 70| 210| | 3| 4| 60| 240| | 4| 2| 80| 160| | 5| 2| 60| 120| | 6| 3| 60| 180| | Total weighted score: | 1310| | Location C | Factor| Weight| Rating| Weighted Score| | 1| 5| 80| 400| | 2| 3| 100| 300| | 3| 4| 70| 280| | 4| 2| 60| 120| | 5| 2| 80| 160| | 6| 3| 90| 270| | Total weighted score:| 1530| Based on the total weighted scores, Location C should be recommended. Note that raw weights were used in computing these weighted scores (we just multiplied â€Å"weight† times â€Å"rating†). Relative weights could have been used instead by taking each factor weight and dividing by the sum of the weights (i. e. , 19). Then the weight for factor 1 would have been . Location C would still have been selected. . 11| | Site 3 has the highest rating factor, 86. 65, and should be selected. 8. 12(a)The following figure indicates the volume range for which each site is optimal. Site 1 is optimal for production less than or equal to 125 units. Site 2 is optimal for production between 125 and 233 units. Site 3 is optimal for production above 233 units. (b)For 200 units, site 2 is optimal. 8. 13| (a)| | (b)For 5,000 units, Perth is the better option. 8. 14| | V–A: A–B: B–C: 8. 15| (a)| | The total cost equations are: (b)Denver is preferable over the range from 0–3,570 units. Burlington is lowest cost at any volume exceeding 3,570, but less than 25,000 units. Atlanta is never lowest in cost. Cleveland becomes the best site only when volume exceeds 25,000 units per year. (c)At a volume of 5,000 units, Burlington is the least-cost site. 8. 16| | The proposed new hub should be near (5. 15, 7. 31). 8. 17| | | City| Map Coordinates| Shipping Load| | A| 2, 1| 20| | B| 2, 13| 10| | C| 4, 17| 5| | D| 7, 7| 20| | E| 8, 18| 15| | F| 12, 16| 10| | G| 17, 4  | 20| | H| 18, 18| 20| | | | 120| 8. 19| | The proposed new facility should be near (7. 97, 6. 69). How to cite Solution of Chapter 8 Operations Mangement by Jay Heizer, Papers

Bad crime and criminals Essay Example For Students

Bad crime and criminals Essay Bill Sikes is presented as a villain in Chapter 47 when Bill kills Nancy and in the BBC adaptation of the book. In the chapter Bill Sikes kills Nancy ruthlessly after learning that she has told the police about his pick pocketing scheme. The author, Charles Dickens, presents Bill Sikes as â€Å"a robber†, â€Å"a housebreaker† and â€Å"a murderer†. These terms reflect on Bill Sikes’s villainy in the book as these terms are associated with bad crime and criminals. In the chapter when Bill Sikes learns of Nancy’s deeds he storms off to meet her however, he completely ignores Fagin’s shouts telling Bill Sikes to be â€Å"not to savage† however Bill completely ignores this and goes on to kill Nancy. As Bill Sikes is killing Nancy in the book he listens to her pleading and her cries for mercy as she begs for her life. She surrenders to Bill Sikes with the symbol of the white tissue and starts to pray and cry however, Bill Sikes completely ignores them and shows no mercy and kills her with three blows to the head. It takes Bill Sikes three blows because rather than the two in the film because he is far more composed and he has come into the house with the intention to kill so he does it with no extra force or effort however in the film adaptation it takes Bill Sikes only two blows because he is far more furious and he came in why the intention to inflict pain so he kills her in two hits on the head. In the film adaptation Bill Sikes is portrayed to be less villainous as he shows regret at the end however his silence makes him more of a villain as people know what’s coming just the way Nancy knew. As Bill Sikes entered the room with Nancy after he heard what Artful Dodger had he locked the door first and grabbed Nancy by the head. Nancy started to beg for her life and she started to cry however Bill Sikes was not hesitant in picking up the baton and killing her. During this whole time he was silent and all you could hear was Nancy’s begging and screaming. After the murder Bill Sikes says his first words which are â€Å"Get up†. These words are said in a remorseless and gruff tone as to show no sympathy for her. After a few moments when there has been no movement from Nancy Bill Sikes starts to feel worried. Fear starts to creep in to his voice as his intonation changes and he realises that Nancy is dead. He feels upset and this can be seen by his facial reactions in the film adaptation and then the non-diegetic sympathetic music starts to play. Bill Sikes is presented as a villain in both the novel and the film adaptation however in the film he is regretting what he has done to Nancy which makes him less of a villain as there is a sense of guilt and remorse.

Little Mermaid Musical- Broadway Show Review Essay Example

Little Mermaid: Musical- Broadway Show Review Paper Concert Review of The Little Mermaid The story and much of the music of The Little Mermaid is familiar to anyone who was once a little girl-or who knows a little girl. The performance on October 12, 2008 I saw of the Broadway musical is a retelling of the Disney cartoon that has been played and replayed on many DVDs in many homes across America before the watchful eyes of young children. Disneys animated feature film is, of course, itself based upon the Hans Christian Anderson fairy tale of the same name, and contains such classic songs as Part of Your World and Under the Sea. To prepare for the show, I watched the DVD again, and I also read over Andersons tale, to re-familiarize myself with the songs. I also wanted to be aware of what the creators of the musical had decided to keep from the Disney animated film, perhaps added back from Anderson that Disney had rejected, and what they had introduced that was entirely new to realize a different creative vision. The musical was splashy (no pun intended) fun with bright colors, dazzling special effects and glittery costumes (particularly in terms of how the underwater world was created). The many show-stopping tunes were clearly designed towow the audience. The show has a strong narrative, but the sea-witch Ursula, Ariels transition from mermaid toreal girl, and other aspects of the work obviously used special effects in a way that was designed to draw attention to the effects, rather than the plot. However, the younger members of the audience didnt seem to mind and audibly gasped for breath when various costumes and sets were revealed. Some of them had bought their own toyAriels from home and knew the songs from the cartoon by heart. However, the older members of the audience, from parents to people like myself, enjoyed the lead actress strong voice, the comic perfo

Listing of Atlantic 2016 Hurricane Names

Listing of Atlantic 2016 Hurricane Names Below you will find the listing of hurricane names for the Atlantic Ocean for the year 2016. For every year, there is a pre-approved list of tropical storm and hurricane names. These lists have been generated by the National Hurricane Center since 1953. At first, the lists consisted of only female names; however, since 1979, the lists alternate between male and female. Hurricane Naming Conventions Hurricanes are named alphabetically from the list in chronological order. Thus the first tropical storm or hurricane of the year has a name that begins with A and the second is given the name that begins with B. The lists contain hurricane names that begin from A to W, but exclude names that begin with a Q or U. There are six lists that continue to rotate. The lists only change when there is a hurricane that is so devastating, the name is retired and another hurricane name replaces it. Thus, the 2016 hurricane name list is the same as the 2010 hurricane name list but after the 2010 hurricane season, there may be changes to the list if names are retired so check back after the 2010 hurricane season. 2016 Hurricane Names AlexBonnieColinDanielleEarlFionaGastonHermineIgorJuliaKarlLisaMatthewNicoleOttoPaulaRichardSharyTomasVirginieWalter

Love.Write a blog in which you define double consciousness and how Essay

Love.Write a blog in which you define double consciousness and how race can affect your interaction with other groups - Essay Example Race has a significant influence on trust issues. Race will influence how certain people process information and will likely influence the way they chose to interact with other races. In addition, most young black people grow up being taught with a lot of emphasis about how their ancestors went through racial discrimination. To them this creates a sense of their own identity (Nunnally 55). This historical knowledge of racial discrimination tends to affect how blacks associate with the whites and other groups. Older black folks have more experience in terms of racial discrimination than younger blacks do. The concept of double consciousness still exists today even though it has taken a different look. The African Americans proclaim being victimized in public but stress on personal strength and initiative in private (McWhorter 13). Some black writers note that focusing on the achievement of African Americans seems to overlook the idea that being black is still a tragedy. The recent presidential election to some African Americans was more of a victory than an election in terms of racial

American Independent day Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

American Independent day - Essay Example The July 4, 1776 independence day is celebrated every year. During 1776, there were 2.5 million residents. In 2009, there were over 300 million Americans (Aloian, 2009). The people are reminded of their forefather’s gift to the currents 21st century American people. Annually, the American people celebrate the benefits of the American independence. The American Independence Day celebrates the present generations’ benefits generated from the brave 1776 residents of the 13 colonies. One scholar discusses one benefit of the American Independence Day, freedom to improve the communication among other residents in a democratic manner. The author describes how each person in a democratic society tries to improve the communication between two persons. It is an admitted fact that different people have different interpretations of certain words and actions. The journal article’s scholar classifies this as pragmatic failure (Moalla, 2013). The author performs the research on 30 speakers. The research was done in Georgia, United States. The speakers were students from the Kennesaw State University and the Catholic College. There were 30 respondent speakers. The respondents were made to take the Discourse Completion Test. The test determines the speakers’ reactions on certain everyday events (Moalla, 2013). The findings of the research show people interpret each message differently. The difference is brought about by the respondents’ cultural background. Twenty Tunisian students interpreted the compliments as rather insincere. This clearly shows that the students were more interested in the true message of the conversation. The 20 Tunisian students tried to decipher the real message behind the compliments. These same students tried to determine the truthfulness of compliments bestowed on them by the speaker (Moalla, 2013). On the other hand, the other ten students, American students, happily

Mau Mau Rebellion And The British Response History Essay

Mau Mau Rebellion And The British Response History Essay In this essay I intend to explain the rise of the Mau Mau and the resulting British response from a socio political stand point. I will show that in response to the uprising the Colonial authorities perpetuated the myth of the Mau Mau in order to serve their own interests and provide international justification for their actions. In effect the myth was a product of wilful acceptance to prominent racial and ethnocentric views of the time. The British in fact went on to perpetuate these already prominent views imbedded in the western social consciousness and in doing so provided justification for the barbaric actions to follow, as well as igniting already prominent divides among the native people throughout the colony. This prevailing attitude spread amongst the heads of the colonial project and even to local loyalist people creating a detrimental social consciousness and ironically this myth did not diminish the cause of the Mau Mau fighters as intended, but it antagonised both sides of the divide, the myth took on a life of its own culminating in detrimental effects to both sides; in effect this turned into a war fuelled by resentment and revenge. To show this I will firstly, give a brief overview of the political backdrop of the Kikuyu people during colonial times. Secondly, I will examine the evolution of the myth of Mau Mau looking to its origins, academic justification and response to it. Thirdly, I will work through the resulting conflict showing how the myth contributed to the already multitude of divides and social misconceptions as play within the conflict; with reference to the Lari massacre and Project Anvil. Finally, to conclude I will give mention to recent events and challenges to the British courts from elderly Mau Mau fighters and show that if it was not for racial attitudes and stereotypes and with a little more intelligent thought and acceptance this violent oppressive war could and should have never happened. Origins political backdrop Over three decades leading up to the Mau Mau rebellion, Africans voiced plangent political concerns despite the obstruction of an unsympathetic colonial state.  [1]  Four issues of contention arose to be the main issues of political debate. Two of these were: low level African wages and the abolition of the kipande. European settlers wished to remain competitive in their agricultural production, which was rather less profitable than the extraction of natural resources, this meant tightening of wages for the local Kikuyu people. The kipande was an identity card enforced by the British; essentially it was used for altogether oppressive means relating to mobilization and employment. Two further deep-rooted issues arose from mid-1930 onwards. Firstly, the need to secure effective, elected African representation; previously attempts to manage politics had been utilised by way of, nominated and salaried chiefs who were effectively under the influence of European missionaries, who were by way of the chiefs effectively the voice of the Kenyan people.  [2]  Secondly, the issue of land appropriation and distribution, this had in fact been a bone of contention since the beginning of colonial rule, however, this was exacerbated by restricted migration of peoples and enforcement of land segregation due to tightening economic constraints on the European powers in the post-WWII period, making this the most contested argument and division in Kenya, especially amongst the Kikuyu people. By 1950 these political contentions had evolved into three distinct political movements: Conservatives, Moderate Nationalists and Militant Nationalists. The Conservative block, comprising of: Chiefs, headmen, and senior Christian elders, their authority had been built up and greatly consolidated through association with the colonial project. These people were a product of Social conditioning; western education carried out by Christian missionaries, dogmatising a new breed of Kenyans.  [3]  The Moderate Nationalists emerged from the early 1920s, previously educated mission boys, developed westernised attitudes and prevailing Christian beliefs again by way of colonial conditioning. The old conservative chiefs were viewed as a barrier to progress and modernisation, a step away from traditional values and cultural politics.  [4]  A materialist rivalry fuelled and intensified their political struggles; in a battle for power the difference in agendas at first was not entirely clear . Koinange Wa Mbiya, the most distinguished chief of the colonial era, became disillusioned with the colonial regime, originally a stanch conservative supporter his views shifted dramatically over the issue of land appropriation.  [5]  The land reserves were diminishing and population was growing rapidly, people succumbed to hunger and even starvation, which spread rapidly amongst the native people. In a passionate speech Koinange appealed to the colonial land commission for the return of his peoples lost lands, his appeal fell on death ears, the colonial powers had another agenda and his appeal was rejected.  [6]  Consequently, he joined the Kikuyu Central Association (KCA) an organisation he was previously vehemently opposed to. He even went as far as donating his own land and giving financial support to the Kikuyu Independent Schools Association, successfully challenging the Christian missions monopoly of primary education for the children of Kenya; an important factor in ra ising free thinking Kenyans free of dogmatism and colonial conditioning, these newly educated children would go on to fuel the rise of nationalism.  [7]   The British thought that they had drawn a line under the issue, demanding compliance form their colonial subjects. However, this was just the beginning of the problem; as the white settler population grew and mechanisation aided the efficiency of the production, less and less workers were needed resulting in more repatriation to the reserves. This was exacerbated further by the Chieftains, with western ideologies of their own, believing in progress and modernity, they developed their own aspirations for wealth and power, further alienating the local Kikuyu population. Origins of Mau Mau and creation of a myth The origins of the Mau Mau contrary to the beliefs of the west and colonial governments within Kenya were heralded on very much peaceful beginnings, this can be view in contrast to Britains greater colonial empire particularly, India, the jewel in the crown, where Gandhis vision of non-violence had now seemed to transgress continents; for it was indeed this stance that the rebel Mau Mau organisation began. The first signs of integration or the population to Mau Mau sympathies arose, as we have seen, out of opposition of their own self-mastery. This choice first entailed a rejection of the leadership of many patrons, particularly the chiefs who, as one vernacular newspaper article argued in January 1948, should know that to be respected through fear is not as good as respect through love. Initial protests were intentionally carried out and lead by educated Africans with emphasis on strong discipline and unity.  [8]  Even moral boosting songs proclaimed, we dont want war we want ju stice. The newspaper Mumenyereri observed, Africans have no weapons, but their weapon is to speak the truth and to be honest.  [9]   The United Kingdom, conversely, sought to popularise a very different interpretation, and largely succeeded. This was that the troubles were a small unpopular, easily controllable, savage tribal uprising, perhaps the symptom of some form of mass psychosis, the result of the Kikuyu tribes inability to cope with the modern world.  [10]  The British depiction and the official colonial/western view of Mau Mau were of a savage, violent, and depraved tribal cult, who expressed unrestrained emotion rather than reason. It sought to turn the Kikuyu people back to the bad old days before enlightened British rule had brought the blessings of modern civilization and development.  [11]  Government intelligence reports dwelt on the insane frenzy and fanatical discipline of Mau Mau adherents.  [12]  It had been deliberately organized, according to the government, by cynical and unprincipled leaders, seeking only to satisfy their own lust for power. Depraved, murderous, and wholly evil, Mau Mau had to be totally destroyed; this view was backed up by leading academics of the time.  [13]  This is not to say that a brilliant lie was devised, but merely that one particular version of events (which was perhaps no further from the truth than many of the other interpretations) was publicised because it cause the British less problems when trying to justify their African policies to those international neighbours to whom they had to pay heed, above all Americans. It blunted criticisms, stifled debate, and exonerated the British response.  [14]  In reality, the myth was more sophisticated and wider and served more tangible purpose than this would suggest. It must be recognised that not all was myth, and that Mau Mau was far from a standard anti-colonial uprising, if such a creature indeed exists.  [15]   By the Mid-1960s this interpretation began to be challenged by a revisionist version of Mau Mau which depicted it as an essential, if radical, component of nationalism in Kenya. First, memoirs of the Emergency by some of those active in Mau Mau began to be published, notably by J. M. Kariuki and Waruhiu Itote:  [16]  both who insisted that Mau Mau was a modern, rational, and nationalist political movement, not tribalist reaction. These publications set the way for two hugely influential works which would reshape academic opinion; the first, Mau Mau from Within by Karari Njama;  [17]  the second, the Myth of Mau Mau: Nationalism in Kenya by John Nottingham and Carl Rosberg.  [18]  Nottingham and Rosberg concluded that interpretations of Mau Mau as savage and atavistic tribalism is subject to penetrating analysis as a myth of the Mau Mau grounded in European racism and ethnocentrism.  [19]   This wilful propagating and demonising antagonised an already deeper problem of racial and ethnocentric social views. The cultural misconceptions already prelevant in the social consciousness of Europeans were evident with racial and barbarian attitudes shown towards Africans, it was this that the British government could influence, the myth they propagated further cemented these misconceptions, the colonial administration seeking advantage to pursue its own ends at state level. This attitude is clearly seen in a book by Christopher Wilson, Kenyas Warning; throughout the book he writes clearly engulfed by a misconceived social consciousness. In a chapter on the Mau Mau leaders he goes on to discredit the causes of support for the Mau Mau. He tackles the legitimacy of aggravations caused by lack of land for cultivation, lack of money on account of low wages, and denial of legitimate political claims; siding in each case with the colonial project.  [20]  He demeans the intentions o f the Mau Mau leaders as acting in their own interests, having no interest in the welfare of the masses, deluding them with promises [the masses]. Essentially the non-conformity with western ideas is seen as backward, primitive and uneducated.  [21]  Mau Mau supporters were belittled by loyalists as impoverished criminal delinquents and so, it was believed, morally ill-equipped to lead political action or participate in debate: When you kill your fellow men because of foolishness, I tell you that you are far from becoming a leader of any sort. (Letter E. Munene to editor, 30th Jan 1954)  [22]  Mau Mau forest fighters were frequently derided by loyalists as wild animals and in particular hyenas.  [23]   The British response- In October 1952w, the new colonial administrator took an altogether more decisive approach to the situation in hand; opting for a more heavy handed approach and military response the Mau Mau rebellion, to be implemented immediately. A State of Emergency was declared and the British colonial government of Kenya waged a violent counter-insurgency campaign against the Mau Mau rebels. In this effort the regime was assisted by collaborators, known as loyalists, drawn from the same communities as the insurgents. This created an ambiguity of allegiances of which were influenced by propaganda and events on both sides of the divide; loyalism in fact seems to have been a product of the same intellectual debates that had spanned the Mau Mau insurgency itself.  [24]  Francis Gatheru was a stanch supporter of the loyalist and colonial cause during the state of emergency, his reasoning for standing opposed to his fellow was ironically deduced for the very same reasons from which the Mau Mau so ught revolution. Gatheru dismissed the idea that oaths of allegiance to the Mau Mau were taken by way of ritualistic nature, and it was the threat of supernatural punishment that compelled most to pledge their support to the insurgents. Admitting this this was a factor, but exaggerated by the British; who propagated this demonised dark nature of the local people. Instead Gatheru points to the Mau Maus promise to deliver freedom, land and every good thing we wished to have that primarily won over the hearts and minds of the local people. This suggests that contrary to the British claims that the majority of people were oathed voluntarily. Proclaiming ithaka na wiathi meaning self-mastery through land, it is clear that the militant Mau Mau leaders had utilised the primary contention that could unite the people against the colonial regime.  [25]  What followed was in effect a civil war, more than 90 per cent of the 13,000 officially acknowledged casualties of the anti-colonial and internecine violence were Kikuyu, Embu or Meru; most of which were killed by their fellow inhabitants of Kenyas Central Highlands. Gatheru now disillusioned and horrified by the conflict, saw his people no closer to self-mastery, they were fighting an unwinnable war; up against the full force and technological advancement of the British Empire. What Gatheru realised as did much of the native population that we are not to get any ware by prolonging the situation, if we are getting the opposite of what the Mau Mau promised us when we were taking the oath, why then à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ shouldnt we do the contrary of what we promised? The divide was widening, the British played the natives against one another; in an already divided population with a huge number of grievances and contentions it was easy to mobilize support on either side. On the loyalist side: demonising propaganda, colonial education/westernisation, Christian indoctrination, material superiority, non-violence, political ends and even monetary incentive and bribes. On the Mau Mau side: land contentions, living/working conditions, land hunger, wage levels, material divides as well as traditional and cultural issues all played apart. Most strikingly as the contention between the sides intensified revenge was a clear motive on both sides in the ambiguity of allegiances. Fuelled by principles of modernisation, progress and westernisation, old moderate leaders now in control of the Mau Mau organisation, looked to oust not only the colonial powers but also the stooge chiefs, who according to them were holding back the nation and not radical enough in the ir western attitudes. These leaders utilised the grievances of the peasants, primarily issues relating to land appropriation, to add to the numbers of the Mau Mau fighters/militants. Other kikuyu people saw the war as unwinnable and tended towards loyalist persuasion along with other settlers who had benefited from colonial education/conditioning and Christian dogmatising; their political attitude to the war was one of non-violence. When the violence inevitably did start propaganda further divided the two camps, the freedom fight became embroiled in a fight between Kikuyu interests and developed into a vendetta of revenge not freedom. Lari massacare The Lari massacre was the wars iconographic moment. The attack on Lari had been carefully planned and was not as reported an indiscriminate act of violence, the homesteads attacked had in fact been very carefully chosen. All of the victims were the families of local chiefs, ex-chiefs, headmen, councillors and prominent Home Guard. What followed was not planned or strategic in any manner whatsoever, purely an act of enraged revenge; a second massacre took place at Lari that night. It was perpetuated by the Home Guard, later joined by other elements of the security services, who took revenge on any persons in the location they could lay their hands on whom they suspected of Mau Mau sympathies. Propaganda and spin followed the inevitable cover up, mopping-up operations.  [26]  This tragedy not only was a catalyst for events to come but epitomised the war, Kikuyu fighting Kikuyu, in essence a civil war perpetuated by myth blatant cultural misunderstanding as well as prominent racial and ethnocentric attitudes. Project Anvil When dawn broke on the morning of 24 April 1954, Nairobis citizens woke to find their city under siege. Over the previous four months an elaborate scheme had been worked out to systematically search the city and to screen every African.  [27]  This rigorous process left nothing unturned all documentation had to be present and correct, with even the slightest discrepancy cause for suspicion. African were hustled out of their houses and herded into barbed-wire compounds, where they waited for the cogs of colonial bureaucracy to turn. A crude system of classification was put in place, highlighting the racial problems stirringly, of the Africans screened they were classified as white, grey or black; black used to connote danger and allegiances to Mau Mau; and white used to connote not a threat to society and to be repatriated; highlighting the prominent racial attitudes of the time. The legal basis of the screening and detention camps was set up by a Delegated Detention Order, where by under the emergency law, suspects could be detained without trial simply by a signature of any officer of the rank district officer or above. Nothing more was needed to condemn a man to incarceration for two years or more. Suspicion that man had taken an oath, or even that he was thought to be in sympathy of the Mau Mau, was sufficient for detention without trial. Accusations made by others, such as the hooded loyalist informants (gikunia) used at Langata, needed no corroboration; their silent and anonymous testimonies would condemn many men to the detention camps. The use of elders brought from the reserve in the screening of men was intended at act as a check against any possible victimization, but it was impossible to prevent score-settling or personal vendettas.  [28]  In the morass of Operation Anvil, there were masses of cases of mistaken identity, and once labelled it was exceedingly difficult to challenge a detention order, bureaucratic procedure had taken over from c ommon sense: with these numbers, what did it matter if one more kikuyu was detained? And if in any doubt, it was surely better to detain the man than let him go? By 26 May, when Anvil finally came to an end, the numbers screened had climbed about 50,000; nearly half the total number Kikuyu in the city and been imprisoned, by the end of 1954 one-third of all Kikuyu men were said to be in prison, these detainees had not been convicted of any crime and were all held without trial.  [29]  Special Branch reckoned that 700 of these were hard-core Mau Mau, a measly 3 per cent of the total detainees; with the evidence against the majority being nothing more than pretty slight, but no one seemed concerned by this alarming statistic, to job had been done.  [30]   By late June, Morrison, the General Secretary of the Christian Council of Kenya, wrote to the governor, Sir Frederick Crawford, about more than sixty Kikuyu Christians who had been rounded up in Operation Anvil. The loyalty of these men was above question; yet it appeared they had been swept away into the detention camps as Mau Mau suspects. Effort were made to locate the men, however, Morrison reports, We are informed either that persons cannot be traced, or that they must be re-screened, or that they cannot return to Nairobi because they were self-employed, or some other reason is given which prevents or delays release. The government was in danger of alienating the one group among the Kikuyu on whose support they must ultimately rely as a nucleus for influencing the rest.  [31]   Archdeacon Peter Bostock, of the Anglican Church, visited Langata in person twice during the June in an effort to identify the missing men. He was shocked and disturbed by the experience. He described the conditions as grossly overcrowded and stated that the home guard were only barely in control, it seemed as is the camps were a law unto themselves.  [32]   In January 1955 the Church of Scotland moderator in Kenya, David Steel, startled his Presbyterian congregation with an impassioned attack from the pulpit against the arbitrary callousness of government policies, taking Operation Anvil as his principle case. Steel described how the government had alienated Christian support through its heavy-handedness, summarily throwing the innocent into detention, where they were contaminated by the wicked, and failing to protect decent people from the abuse of those whom the government armed as their protectors, the Home Guard. Carelessness, an utter disregard for the rights of Africans had resulted in many honest, law-abiding citizens beings incarcerated during anvil. Steel also referred to more sinister forces at work; citing false accusations that had been deliberate and calculated, heavily criticising the system of informants branding it far from infallible and suggesting that this had happened more frequently than the security forces were pre pared to concede.  [33]   The army fought against Mau Maus military confusions. These were very different from those which haunted the liberal myth of modernization; a contrast between modernisation, progress and capitalist attitudes with an eerie respect to the shared experience of war, based on strategy, respect, loyalty, and noble attitudes.  [34]  They rose above the prominent racial attitudes, fighting together, side by side with Africans during the war had instilled respect and honour amongst the troops and even the generals. General Erskine, commander during the critical first part of the war, took a simple soldierly view of the oaths which so disturbed the understanding of most observers. He recognised that Mau Mau had grievances and an aim, to eject Europeans. The connexion between strategic end and nauseating means was crisply rational.  [35]  The colonial secretary, Oliver Lyttelton, was struck by a nobler likeness between forest fighter and British soldier. A veteran of the Great War, he r espected men who, contrary to their tribal reputation, had more than once pressed home attacks against wire, and in the face of hot fire, and heavy casualties. He had asked no more of his Grenadiers. If Mau Mau gallantry was explained by dutch courage à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ doped with hemp, had he not too, like others in this war, braced himself with rum before battle? Such recognition of equivalence, so contrary both to the racialism which denied a common humanity and the liberalism which pitied dupes, was politically important. Even Churchill commander and chief himself was held to have thought the fibre, ability and steel of the Kikuyu deserved to be acknowledged by on offer of terms.  [36]  After sixty-eight hours of interrogating the captured General China, superintendent Ian Henderson, the boys own hero of the settlers war, concluded that his prisoner was a complete fanatic. Was he then mentally ill? Not at all. China had a good brain and a remarkable memory. He knew why he was f ighting; his sole with was to expound his political testament before Legislative Council and walk to the gallows without trial. It took the tragedy of Hola camp, where eleven hard core detainees were beaten to death in the name of modernisation, to bring the British government round to the military view. As Margery Perham put it, the hard core were determined to prove that they were not in the grip of some remedial obsession but pursuing logical and irrevocable political aims. The detainees might have put it differently. The immediate issue was work and it refusal. Their case was simple. They were political prisoners, not criminals. To work to order would be to admit to wrong. Work was a proper demonstration of responsibility for free men; under any other condition it was slavery.  [37]  Britain could not continue to remake Kenya by force when other European powers were abandoning attempts to remodel colonial rule for the moral high ground of informal empire. A political war must be ended by political means. Civilization had to gamble on concession and agreement, not enforced by the tyranny of good intent ions and warders truncheons. Within months of Hola came Lancaster House and the prospect of majority rule.  [38]  Only international and metropolitan pressures could compel the United Kingdom to decolonise, and so the myth of Mau Mau served the useful purpose of forestalling any concerted international effort to redirect United Kingdom policy and of blunting the criticisms emanating from those countries to whom the British were obliged to pay heed. By dissociating the uprising from the global forces of nationalism and communism, by stressing its violent and uncompromising nature, and by constantly asserting the ease which it would be defeated, it succeeded in this aim, as any reading of the United Nations records for the period will testify.  [39]   Conclusion

Contextual Differences Analysis of the Differences between Fassbinder’s All That Heaven Allows and Sirk’s Ali

The high price of gas at the pump has many Americans looking for alternates to their gas powered vehicles. One of the most popular option right now is a hybrid vehicle. The question that comes to mind is, are hybrid vehicles worth it? With record high gas prices due to the price of oil, most car owners out there have major concerns over their gas usage. Over the past ten years, the cost of gasoline has grown 250%! The price of oil has doubled since January of this year. The high prices of oil and gas is the driving factor for most of the people to trade their gas powered vehicles for hybrid vehicles.These vehicles promise to give consumers more mileage per gallon, the truth is that only a few vehicles currently in the market actually make any sort of financial sense. There are quite a few issues with buying hybrid vehicles, even with gas prices at more than $4 a gallon. First, these vehicles are much higher in price than their gas powered counter part so, the premiums attached to the ir price tags do not justify extra mileage that you get. In some cases car dealers are selling popular vehicles at much higher prices than MSRP.Second, there are no laws and regulations controlling the technology, price, and the mileage per gallon required out of these vehicles. Currently, there are hybrid vehicles in the market that offer an improvement of 3MPG to 18 MPG over their gas powered counterpart. This is a huge range that needs to be controlled. Third, the demand of these vehicles is driving the prices of the vehicles even higher, if people knew that it would take many years for fuel savings to pay back the hybrid premium on many models, the demand on these models would be much lower, driving the prices down.The solutions that I would like to propose is the government to work with auto manufacturers to develop a standard for hybrid vehicles. This standard should control the minimum mileage offered per gallon, and control the premium allowed to be charged by the manufactur ers. There are vehicles in the market that offer only a marginal benefit over the gas powered vehicles and yet the manufacturers charge thousands of dollars premium. Background: Today people all around the world are facing unusually high oil price hikes.Oil has become so very expensive that people are trying all kinds of extreme measures to lower the price. The hike in price has affected every nation; the entire world is trying to find a way out of the soaring prices. Thanks to the oil prices, travel expenses have increased, not just flying being expensive, driving your own car is very expensive. The chart below shows a trend in oil prices since 1990 with some of the major events leading to this increase. Note that since January of 2007 the oil prices have increase by 162%.With high gas prices, hybrid cars are a more affordable option than ever in terms of gas mileage, but only a handful of hybrid cars make solid financial sense, and only for some consumers, according to a new study by NADAguides. com, a vehicle pricing and information website. Using current gas prices for ten major metropolitan areas, the company studied the number of miles needed to recoup the extra cost of buying a hybrid car over its gasoline-only counterpart.The study showed, for example, that a driver in Los Angeles, the city with the highest gas prices in the study, will break even about 18 percent faster than a driver in Houston, the city with the lowest gas prices, assuming both are driving the same miles. The study found that, even at today's high gas prices, only a handful of hybrid cars make financial sense for a consumer who buys a new car every five years or less and drives an average number of miles per year.Even at Los Angeles-area gas prices, there are only five hybrid cars that would allow consumers to recoup their additional investment before they sold the car, assuming they drive an average of 15,000 miles per year. In order of shortest time to break even, they are: 1. Toyo ta Camry Hybrid 2. Chevrolet Malibu Hybrid 3. Nissan Altima Hybrid 4. Toyota Prius 5. Honda Civic Hybrid Following is a chart of the top five hybrid cars with the greatest return on investment and the number of miles to break even in 10 major metropolitan areas at current gas prices.Issue: Even with gas prices at more than $4 per gallon, there are quite a few issues with buying hybrid vehicles. Issue 1: High Prices Hybrid vehicle prices are higher than their gas powered counterpart. The demand for these vehicles in the last year has increased a lot, increasing the prices even further. In some areas people are actually paying premium over MSRP and waiting for more than two years to get some vehicles.The price premium attached to the hybrid vehicles are just too great to be considered a cost savings relative to purchasing their gasoline counterpart. If people knew how long it would take them to pay off the increased premium the demand for the hybrid would be lower than what it is now, decreasing the prices. Issue 2: High Prices The second issue with the hybrid vehicles is that there are no laws and regulations controlling the technology, price, and the mileage per gallon required out of these vehicles.Currently, there are hybrid vehicles in the market that offer an improvement of just a few miles per gallon over their gas powered counterpart, yet the manufacturers are charging thousands more for the premium for a so called hybrid technology. The table shows the amount of time it would take a buyer to offset the hybrid premium by fuel savings. The table also shows the miles per gallon and annual gas savings. These numbers clearly show the need to have some regulations to control the miles per gallon offered and the amount of premium that is charged by the manufacturers.Let’s look at some vehicles: Starting with the worst of the bunch, the Lexus LS600H. The premium charges on this vehicle is about $19,000, yet it only offers about 20 to 22 miles per gallon. It would take almost a century to break even. The next worst seems to be the Saturn Aura which only offers an annual gas savings of $171. The best one seems to Toyota Prius, but this car is so popular these days that in some areas there is a wait list of two years. In areas where it’s available, the dealers are charging more than $5,000 over MSRP.Solution: ?Better education to customers about the ownership costs of a hybrid vehicle ? Government should offer incentives like tax break to buy hybrid vehicles ? Have a standard to develop hybrid vehicle to encourage mass production, bringing the vehicle prices to even less than current gas-powered vehicles ? Force auto makers to sell hybrid vehicles at no more than, about 10%, premium to the customers Conclusion: Reference: Web Site: Bespoke Investing Group – http://bespokeinvest. typepad. com/bespoke/

Effective People, Communication and Information Essay

There are many different methods of communication. These can be divided into two different categories: Electronic (non-written), and Non-Electronic (written). Read more:  Reasons for communication  essay Methods of communication that would come under Written Communication would be things like: * Letter * Memos * Reports * Fax * Invoices * Flow charts * Publicity materials * SMS (Text Message) Methods of communications that would come under Electronic Communication would be things along the lines of: * Telephone * Video conferencing * Meetings Both Written Communication and Electronic Communication have their advantages. These advantages differ depending on the audience which is being addressed. The recipient is very important when it comes to the type of communication that is being used. Within The Organisation Within the organisation the methods of communication that I would use would be things like: * Memos – To help the staff members who are higher up on the food chain remember certain tasks that have set upon them. * Reports – To view any progress or falls being happening within the organisation. Reports are a good way to do this as they are detailed. * Meetings – In an organisation, it is inevitable that there will be meetings held. These are usually used to discuss improvement, the current status of the organisation, and to get staff to contribute their ideas. Customers These are the methods of communication that I would use to communicate with the customers: * Publicity Materials – To tell the truth, this is an obvious one really. The way to get customers is through publicity. If your organisation is a well known one, it is more likely to prosper. * Advertisements – In my opinion, advertisements should be used by all major and even small organisations. These should outline things like services provided and special offers to attract more customers. Suppliers Here are some of the methods of communications I would use to communicate with suppliers of goods etc.: * Letters – These are a great way of communicating and people have been using them for centuries. I would use letters to communicate with suppliers because it is not a long time consuming method of communicating. You just write what you need to say, put it in an envelope, post it, and the recipient gets it the next day. * Telephone – This is one of the simplest, most direct ways of communicating with people today. Talking with suppliers on the telephone would mean that all of the business involving matters like deliveries, times, amounts, and other things can all be sorted out in a matter of minutes.

Marine Conservation Essay - 1450 Words

Marine conservation From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Coral reefs have a great amount of biodiversity. Marine conservation, also known as marine resources conservation, is the protection and preservation of ecosystems in oceans and seas. Marine conservation focuses on limiting human-caused damage to marine ecosystems, and on restoring damaged marine ecosystems. Marine conservation also focuses on preserving vulnerable marine species. Contents 1 Overview 2 Coral reefs 3 Human impact 4 Techniques 5 Technology and halfway technology 6 Laws and treaties 7 Organizations and education 8 References 8.1 Notes 8.2 Bibliography 9 External links Overview Marine†¦show more content†¦However, many fisherman are unable to catch as many fish as they used to, so they are increasingly using cyanide and dynamite in fishing, which further degrades the coral reef ecosystem.[6] This perpetuation of bad habits simply leads to the further decline of coral reefs and therefore perpetuating the problem. One solution to stopping this cycle is to educate the local community about why conservation of marine spaces that include coral reefs is important.[7] Once the local communities understand the personal stakes at risk then they will actually fight to preserve the reefs. Conserving coral reefs has many economic, social, and ecological benefits, not only for the people who live on these islands, but for people throughout the world as well. Human impact The deterioration of coral reefs is mainly linked to human activities – 88% of coral reefs are threatened through various reasons asShow MoreRelatedThe Evolution of the World: Industrial-Based, Less Natural, Societies1079 Words   |  5 Pagesaround the world. To combat the problems, various measures of legislation and government intervention have been implemented to protect living and nonliving marine entities and ensure that resources aren’t fully depleted. 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